Science News

Green plant with brown bean-like pods hanging down
By Emily Matzke and CSSA staff

Both chemical fertilizers and cover crops can help build the nitrogen content in soil. But cover crops come with many other benefits, like improving soil structure and boosting beneficial microbes.

Rich pink flowers in a grassy area

blossoming sunflowers in field
By Rachel Schutte

Sunflowers have many uses. They are used for floral arrangements, animal feed, biofuels, and even food for us.

blossoming sunflowers in field

When grown commercially by farmers, the quality of sunflowers is based on the oil and protein concentrations in the seeds.

Lima bean plants in a field
By Adityarup "Rup" Chakravorty

Lima beans are packed with nutrients. They are an excellent source of protein and fiber. They are rich in vitamins and minerals.

Lima bean plants in a field

Lima beans are also good for the environment and farmers. They are effective as cover crops and as green manure.

Little millet maturing in the field.
By Eric Hamilton

Since humans began cultivating the land, we’ve prioritized one type of crop above all others: grain. With high amounts of minerals, protein, and vitamins, cereal grains form the foundation of diets worldwide.

Little millet plants up close in the field.

Mechanical silage cutter harvests biomass sorghum.
By Kaine Korzekwa

Traditional crops are not a good match for all farmland, such as parts of the North Carolina Piedmont region.

Tall grassy field of miscanthus bioenergy crop

Here, farmers need more options because some of the soils are poor, have been eroded, and often experience drought. Bioenergy crops may be a good option on these lands.

subsurface tile drain emptying water into a field ditch
By Eric Hamilton

As most kids know, a big pile of mud can be a load of fun.Researcher stands next to a truck-mounted soil probe machine

But not for farmers. Muddy fields mean too much water. And too much water means crops might not grow well.

Researcher holds up apple tree roots to examine
By Rachel Schutte

As the saying goes, an apple a day keeps the doctor away. But what’s the key to growing a quality apple?

Apple trees growing in pot containers under a shade tarp.

Apple trees need access to important nutrients, which come from the soil. However, soil is quite different from orchard to orchard.

An excavator installs culverts in a field area with people standing by
By Adityarup "Rup" Chakravorty

Bioreactors are underground trenches filled with woodchips. They have been gaining traction as a tool to remove nitrogen from the water in agricultural settings. Excavator places concrete barriers in place to line the bioreactor trench in an agricultural field

Row of soybeans growing in wheat stubble in a double-crop soybean field.
By Adityarup "Rup" Chakravorty

Double cropping is a practice where farmers harvest one crop, and then plant and harvest a second crop in the same field – all within the same year. It allows farmers to make the most out of the limited growing season.

row of double crop soybeans growing in wheat stubble

Pile of yellow popcorn kernels next to a pile of popped yellow popcorn.
By Emily Matzke

Popcorn. What would movies and sporting events be like without this salty, buttery snack? America’s love for this snack goes beyond these events. We consume 15 billion quarts of popped popcorn each year.

Pile of yellow popcorn kernels next to a pile of popped yellow popcorn.